Dental Stone Cleaning and Airflow

What is periodontology?

Periodontology is a branch of dentistry that studies hard and soft tissues that support your teeth and maintain their position in the jaw. This structure, known as periodonsium, has very important functions. Tightly connects the teeth to the jaws It acts as a shock absorber during bite and chewing. Therefore, it protects the jawbone from excessive forces and helps prevent damage to the teeth. It keeps the teeth in a fixed position in the jaws so that they work together efficiently and comfortably during chewing.

Periodonsium consists of several components that work together. The tooth socket is a sac in which the root of the tooth is located. The cement layer is a dark yellow structure that usually does not appear in a healthy mouth that covers the root part of the tooth. There is a complex pattern of small fibers known as periodontal bonds between the root cement tissue and the bone socket. Since different parts of periodonsium consist of living tissues, it adapts to changes in the mouth over time and ensures that the teeth remain stable in place.

What are Gum Diseases?

The most important of the gum diseases is periodontitis.

Periodontitis is commonly known as 'Gum Disease' and is a common condition in which gums and deeper periodontal structures become inflamed. It is a condition that usually manifests itself in the form of redness, swelling and bleeding in the gums during tooth brushing. Gingivitis is a defensive response of the body, which is given due to the accumulation of certain bacteria on the teeth. Although it is part of the body's defense system, this inflammatory response can eventually cause serious damage to the gums and jawbone. If left unchecked, inflammation can spread under the gums and along the roots of the teeth, which leads to the destruction of periodontal ligaments and support. As a result, this leads to the loosening of the teeth in place and possible loss.

HOW TO UNDERSTAND PERIODONTITIS (symptoms of gum disease)

How can I understand periodontitis?

Periodontitis begins with inflammation of the gums, known as gingivitis. It is not always easy to notice this, but one of the first signs that you can notice is bleeding in the gums when brushing your teeth. The gums may appear red and swollen, and on the teeth you can notice a colorless layer of the bacterial plate.

When left untreated, gingivitis can usually progress to periodontitis without any symptoms that stimulate you. However, some changes that you may experience over time include: increased bleeding in the gums; can be driven by brushing or eating; may even be spontaneous, bad breath, changes in the positioning of teeth in the jaws; Prolonged teeth and possibly pain. Bleeding in the gums can be less noticeable in smokers due to the effect of nicotine on blood vessels and therefore the disease process can be masked.

Often the presence of periodontitis is not recognized by an individual until the age of 40 or 50; There may have been a lot of damage during this time. However, a dentist may detect symptoms of the disease at an earlier stage during a routine examination, and as a Periodontal Screening Index

What are the causes of periodontitis?

A healthy mouth is colonized by more than 700 different types of bacteria, many of which are completely harmless and live in harmony with their hosts. However, when tooth cleaning is not comprehensive enough, bacterial deposits accumulate next to the gums, forming plaque, and conditions become suitable for the development of more dangerous bacteria. The body's natural defenses are also compromised. In all cases, periodontite occurs due to the formation of bacteria in the form of dental plaque.

If the soft bacterial plaque is not taken with a brush, the minerals will be folded over time and become a hard mass on the tooth called tartar. The presence of tartar promotes the growth of the bacterial plaque towards the tooth roots. As inflammation deepens, the binding of the gums to the root deteriorates, and a gap or periodontal pocket is formed between them. This pocket takes the disease process forward, as it is an ideal place for colonization and reproduction of harmful bacteria. Bacteria further trigger the body's defense mechanisms by releasing toxins as metabolic products in new habitats.

The severity and speed of progression of periodontitis depends on the balance of several factors: the number and type of bacteria present, how strong the person's defense mechanisms are, and the presence or absence of certain risk factors. For example, the more aggressive the bacteria and the weaker the patient's immune response, the more active the disease becomes. In addition, some risk factors, such as smoking or diabetes, can further weaken the body's defenses and speed up the disease process. Likewise, some drugs, such as antihypertensive or vasodilator agents and immunotherapy, affect the inflammatory response in bacterial plaque and make patients more susceptible to gingivitis.

How to Prevent Gum Disease?

What is periodontal therapy and how is it treated?

With careful evaluation and treatment, it is usually possible to completely stop the progression of gum disease. The key to success is to eliminate the bacterial plaque that triggers the disease process and provide excellent oral hygiene practices.

Ensuring oral hygiene

The purpose of maintaining oral hygiene is to reduce the number of bacteria in the mouth and therefore reduce the level of inflammation. Your dentist will first explain the causes of your periodontitis and explain how to keep your teeth and gums clean. You will be given individual advice on how to use various cleaning aids in the most effective way; For example, accurate information about the optimal tooth brushing technique and the correct use of floss and inter-tooth brushes is important.

Good Oral Hygiene

The main elements of a good oral hygiene regime are:

Clean the chewing surfaces and the edges of the teeth twice a day with a toothbrush (of appropriate size and good condition) and toothpaste.

Using floss or toothbrush, depending on the size of the area, the gaps between the teeth that the toothbrush bristles cannot reach should be cleaned. This should be done once a day.

Antibacterial mouthwashes are a useful helper in addition to brushing, as they inhibit bacterial growth and relieve inflammatory changes. They should be used after tooth brushing.

If plaque plates are left on the teeth with an inadequate cleaning technique, they are mineralized and hardened and turn into tartara (tooth stones) that cannot be removed with a toothbrush. When your dentist detects this tooth stone, it will be removed as part of a professional cleaning. After the tooth stones are removed, the teeth are polished with special pastes and products, which are less likely to accumulate plaque and create a smooth surface.

Antibiotic treatment

In some cases, antibiotics are prescribed to deal with active or persistent gum infections that do not respond to oral hygiene measures, with or without microbiological evaluation.

Surgical Treatment

Sometimes, a gum surgery is performed to remove plaque bacteria and deposits under the gums and to clean the root surfaces. These areas are difficult to access with toothbrushes and floss, and inflammation will continue in these areas as long as bacteria colonize the gums. Under local anesthesia, the gums are removed and the root surfaces are cleaned directly so that all bacteria are removed. Sometimes it is possible to treat bone loss at the same time with a special regenerative treatment. At the end of the procedure, the gums are planted around the teeth.

Care - supportive Periodontal Therapy

After the first stage of treatment is over, your dentist will need to regularly review the condition of your gums to check that inflammation has stopped. The frequency of your follow-up appointments will depend on the severity of the disease and the risk of progression of the disease. Usually, follow-up visits are scheduled every six months.

Regular follow-up appointments are important to prevent the recurrence of the disease process. If there are signs that the disease is in progress, your dentist will be able to identify the recurrence areas of inflammation and treat them at an early stage. In addition, advice will be given on how to change oral hygiene practices to cope with inflammation. Successful periodontal therapy requires full cooperation for daily oral hygiene practices and regular follow-up appointments.

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